As a leading brand shaping the future of the industry, this Spring Auction received high attention from the China Association of Auctioneers (CAA). Earlier this year, Xiling Yinshe Auction's General Manager, Lu Fengchuan, was invited to speak at the CAA Annual Forum on "Commitment and Change in the Future Auction Market".
This was the first major sale after Xiling Yinshe Auction's 20th Anniversary celebrations, once again putting into practice—and proving—the company's guiding principle of "Academic Research Driving the Market". The results underscored a strong start for Xiling Yinshe Auction in this new stage of development.
Xiling Yinshe (Shaoxing) 10th Anniversary Autumn Auction – Consignment Deadline Approaching
Xiling Yinshe 2025 Autumn Auction Consignments Fully Underway
In an exclusive interview with Zhejiang TV, Lu Fengchuan noted:
"We use academic themes to break down boundaries between categories, aiming to provide a comprehensive cultural experience—where art becomes part of life."
In 2025, the seven special sections in the Chinese Paintings & Calligraphy section achieved a total turnover of RMB 308 million, with the Legacy of Tang and Song · Commemoration of the 160th Anniversary of Huang Binhong's Birth section and the Chinese Paintings & Calligraphy by Top Members of Xiling Yinshe section each exceeding a 90% sell-through rate.
Through rigorous academic research and innovative curatorial themes, the paintings and calligraphy section deepened exploration of Jiangnan's cultural heritage while expanding the study of Xiangxian (local sages) culture—delivering a cultural feast that merged artistic value with scholarly depth.
This year's Spring Auction was rooted in academic research, achieving breakthroughs both in section design and in the excavation of regional culture. From Huang Binhong's integration of seal carving and ink painting, to Lin Zexu's literary spirit, from Xiao Yuncong's printmaking studies to Bada Shanren's calligraphic innovations—the auction created a cross-temporal artistic dialogue, setting professional benchmarks for the market and breathing new vitality into cultural heritage.
Chen Hongshou Prunus In Frost
Sale Price: RMB 3,565,000
In the Classical Chinese Paintings & Calligraphy section, the special theme "Painters in Ancient Prints" re-examined Ming and Qing painting through the unique lens of printmaking. The section achieved around RMB 47 million in total sales with a 92% sell-through rate. All key lots were sold, including Chen Hongshou's Prunus in Frost, both created in the same year. The latter started at RMB 10,000 and soared to RMB 3.565 million, becoming the most overbid work of the section.
Legacy of Tang and Song · Commemoration of the 160th Anniversary of Huang Binhong's Birth
Strong Bidding Enthusiasm
The Modern and Contemporary Chinese Paintings & Calligraphy section continued to show Xiling Yinshe Auction's cross-category curatorial strengths. At last year's 20th Anniversary sale, the auction house successfully interpreted "Wu Changshuo's Collecting Value System" through multi-section synergy - earning market acclaim.
Marking the 160th anniversary of Huang Binhong's birth, the specially curated Legacy of Tang and Song · Commemoration of the 160th Anniversary of Huang Binhong's Birth section stood out with an impressive total turnover of nearly RMB 80 million and a 90% sell-through rate. This section integrated categories including paintings and calligraphy, seals and inkstones, manuscripts, and ancient books, systematically presenting Huang Binhong's lesser-known artistic achievements from three perspectives: epigraphic heritage, antiquities research, and social interaction.
The Longest Known Lin Zexu's Letter Album at Preview
As a featured category, the Local Gentry Culture section this year highlighted the Fujian Local Gentry special. Coinciding with the 240th anniversary of Lin Zexu's birth, Xiling Yinshe Auction brought together masterpieces by Fujianese artists led by Lin's important letter albums, and held a "Returning Home" exhibition at the Lin Zexu Painting and Calligraphy Institute in Fuzhou's Three Lanes and Seven Alleys. Over the years, Xiling Yinshe Auction has adhered to the philosophy of "academically guided auctions," successfully organizing more than ten "Returning Home" exhibitions featuring figures such as Yu Dafu, the Master of the Humble Administrator's Garden, and Yan Fu, earning wide recognition from both academia and the collecting community.
Bada Shanren The Unique Extant Calligraphy
Sale Price: RMB 10,810,000
The traditional art category also delivered an impressive performance: Bada Shanren's rare surviving five-foot masterpiece sold for 10.81 million RMB. This groundbreaking work, distinguished by its "pictorial calligraphy" style, holds a significant place in art history for its unique brushwork and ink language.
Wu Changshuo Calligraphy In Seal Script
Sale Price: RMB 4,830,000
Both the Qing Dynasty Epigraphy and Literati Inscription sections achieved close to a 90% sell-through rate. In the Chinese Paintings & Calligraphy by Top Members of Xiling Yinshe section, Wu Changshuo's mature masterpiece fetched RMB 4.83 million, illustrating how academic research enhances market value. Pan Tianshou's Imitating Mi's Landscape, inscribed for Yang Zichuang, sold for RMB 6.67 million—proving Xiling Yinshe Auction's "Three Essentials" rule for collecting: important artist, important year and important dedicatee.
Pan Tianshou Landscape
Sale Price: RMB 6,670,000
The Important Manuscripts and Photographs · Centenary Commemoration of the Death of Sun Yat-sen section featured a dedicated Sun Yat-sen memorial theme. Centered on his calligraphy and letters, with related the 1911 Revolution figures branching out, it included Tongmenghui revolutionary writings and key photographs of senior revolutionaries - reconstructing a vivid group portrait of Sun and his comrades.
Rich in historical contents and categories, the theme revisited early 20th-century Chinese history, earning broad attention from both collectors and scholars.
Sun Yat-sen Centenary Commemoration Thematic Segment
Total Turnover: RMB 10.882 million
Also notable was the Chen Yuan and Tao Xingzhi: Modern-Era Educators and Scholars theme. A highlight was three diaries by Tao Xingzhi - market rarities -written in 1927, the founding year of Xiaozhuang School. These combined diary entries, speeches, letters, essays, and poems, documenting his famed educational ideas: "Unity of Teaching, Learning, and Doing", "Teachers Teach Themselves by Teaching Others", and "Transplanting Knowledge like Grafting".
Starting at RMB 800,000, the diaries sold for RMB 1.8975 million, setting a new auction record for Tao's manuscripts—both revealing Xiling Yinshe Auction's diary-theme excellence and honoring the great educator.
The Oil Paintings · Modern and Contemporary Art section, packed with top lots and artist-themed sections, drew significant attention from the industry and media even before the sale. With a sell-through rate exceeding 90% and sales over RMB 78 million, it reinforced Xiling Yinshe Auction's strong position in the category.
The 20th Century Masters section featured works by several celebrated artists, with special highlights on Guan Liang and Sha Qi. Collectors in the room, via commission bids and online all competed enthusiastically. When the cover lot - the largest known oil painting by Su Tianci in the market, Blooming Cockscomb -came up for bidding, the auction hall reached a fever pitch. After multiple rounds of intense competition, the piece was sold for 10.35 million RMB, setting a new auction record for Su Tianci's work and marking another successful case of revaluing an artist”s market through a representative masterpiece.
Su Tianci's Largest Known Work on the Market - Blooming Cockscomb
Sold for RMB 10.35 Million
Setting a New Auction Record for the Artist
A highlight of the Contemporary Art section was Zhang Peili's Proof That I've Never Done Anything Wrong - Tragedy 006, one of six early works from his X? series created during the '85 New Wave period. The bidding was fervent and fast-paced, drawing excited reactions from collectors in the room. Its strong result once again turned the art world's spotlight on the '85 New Wave, sparking both nostalgia and lively discussion about the era.
Zhang Peili (b. 1957) Proof of Never Having Done a Wrongful Deed - Tragedy 006
Sale Price: RMB 7,475,000
Zhang Enli's 2006 diptych Studio (Warehouse) I & II was exhibited alongside Zhang Peili's work during the preview, where, under the transparent ceiling, it transformed with the shifting daylight, offering endlessly rich visual nuances that drew many viewers to linger and admire. In the thrilling auction that followed, it achieved an outstanding result, claiming the top spot for works from the artist's "Container" period at auction.
Zhang Enli (b. 1965) Studio (Warehouse) I & II
Sale Price: RMB 5,520,000
The seal and inkstone category once again delivered impressive results this Spring Auction, with four dedicated sections achieving a total of nearly RMB 80 million and an average sell-through rate exceeding 90%. Notably, the debut of Seals from State-Owned Antique Companies & Lingnan School Seal Cuttings achieved a 100% sell-through rate, underscoring Xiling Yinshe Auction's enduring influence in the market through its commitment to "carrying forward the century-old spirit of the Xiling Seal Society" and its principle of "academically guided auctions".
In the curation of this Spring Auction's special sections, the Master Seal Carving section continued its tradition of academic depth, presenting three key highlights through systematic research and organization.
The Lingnan School Seal Cuttings section, noted for its academic approach, systematically traced the evolution of Lingnan seal carving art and was met with enthusiastic demand from collectors, achieving a 100% sell-through rate. Leading the sale was Huang Shiling”s Tianhuang Stone Seal, made for the personal use of Wang Bing'en. Opening at RMB 500,000, it saw multiple rounds of bidding before closing at RMB 3.0475 million.
Qing Dynasty A Lightly Carved Tianhuang Stone Seal With Pine Tree And Deer Patterns By Huang Shiling For Wang Bing'En's Private Use
Sale Price: RMB 3,047,500
The Study Series·Tianhuang Stones and Seals from the Xi Elu Collection section delivered an outstanding performance. Xi Elu maintained extensive connections with renowned masters of painting, calligraphy, and seal carving from the Shanghai School, and the pieces presented in this sale were all generously provided by Xi Elu's family.
In this section, a Tianhuang stone seal carved by Wu Changshuo for Xi Elu's personal use started at RMB 50,000. It was then immediately bid up to RMB 1.2 million by a buyer, followed by fierce competition between in-room and telephone bidders, ultimately selling for RMB 1.702 million.
A Tianhuang Stone Seal Engraved By Wu Changshuo For Xi Elu's Private Use
Sale Price: RMB 1,702,000
The Xiling Yinshe Auction's Tianhuang Stones section has become an industry benchmark thanks to its high quality, strong literati appeal, and large scale, consistently achieving outstanding results.
The cover lot - a large, square-shaped Tianhuang stone seal with a ram-shaped knob is exceptionally rare. It started at RMB 1.6 million and sold for RMB 3.7375 million. As the flagship piece of the Tianhuang section relaunched after five years, it excels in craftsmanship, material quality, and weight.
Qing Dynasty A Tianhuang Stone "Goat" Seal
Sale Price: RMB 3,737,500
Qing Dynasty A Pair Of Lightly Carved Shoushan Stone Seals With Landscape Pattern Engraved By Qian Song For Zhu Jichao's Private Use
Sale Price: RMB 4,140,000
The Xiling Yinshe Auction – Chinese Inkstones section is currently the only specialized auction in the market dedicated primarily to inkstones, especially renowned for its focus on literati inkstones, and has repeatedly achieved excellent results.
This season's Chinese Inkstones segment featured the special theme "Ruan Yuan's World of Epigraphy", which achieved a white-glove result. Through systematic academic research, the theme comprehensively showcased Ruan Yuan's achievements in epigraphy, earning unanimous recognition from collectors. The cover lot - a Ruan Yuan-inscribed inkstone modeled after a Western Zhou "Shu Bang Fu" rectangular inkstone - sold for RMB 3.91 million, setting a new record for Ruan Yuan's work.
Qing Dynasty A "Gui"-Style Duan Inkstone Inscribed By Ruan Yuan
Sale Price: RMB 3,910,000
The full-house event, "Ruan Yuan's World of Epigraphy and Master Seal Carving Academic Symposium" was held during the preview, reflecting XilingYinshe Auction's academy and market combined strategy.
In recent years, the seals and inkstones category has excelled at exploring the depth and breadth of epigraphic culture with precision and thoroughness. From studying schools and individual seal carvers, to examining inscriptions, friendships among epigraphists, and the dissemination and evolution of epigraphic culture, it presents the unique charm of this field in a comprehensive way. On top of that, the rigorous academic research has also provided the market with clear value benchmarks.
The outstanding results of this Spring Auction further prove that a profound academic foundation is the core driving force behind the healthy development of the market.
Ruan Yuan's World of Epigraphy and Master Seal Carving Academic Symposium
"Fine Ancient Books and Ink Rubbing" was arranged on the last day, remaining to be academic and eye-catching such as the most standout piece Tie Ya Xian Sheng Gu Yue Fu inscribed by Huang Pilie. The album contains many treasures collected by Huang for years. Throughout the undoubted provenance from Gao Shiqi to Zhang Rongjing, Jiang Zuyi and Chen Chengzhong, also with the inscription of the eight masters including Sun Yuanxiang, the piece, passed down for a century by many scholars, covers over 170 seal impressions and boasts of its top position among those which are also inscribed by Huang Pilie.
The lot starts at RMB 5 million, and soon soared to RMB 9.775 million after incredibly fierce competitions, making a record for the similar kind related to Huang Pilie.
[Gao Shiqi, Zhang Rongjing, Jiang Zuyi, Chen Chengzhong, Huang Pilie, Sun Yuanxiang, et al.] Tie Ya Xian Sheng Gu Yue Fu (10 vols), Fu Gu Shi Ji (6 vols)
Start Price: RMB 5 million
Sale Price: RMB 9.775 million
The ink rubbings auction was highlighted by a piece of rubbing called Sui Dong Mei Ren Mu Zhi which was authenticated by Zhang Yansheng and sold for around RMB 1 million. Thanks to its remarkable provenance involving the masters like Liu Xihai, Xu Fang, Li Shengduo and Xu Guangyu, and also being mentioned in the book Shan Ben Bei Tie Lu, an authoritative work in epigraphy, it became the favorite of the rubbing collectors.
Another miracle occurred in the three sales of ceramic auction, which reached a crazy total turnover as much as RMB 137 million. Being the largest scale among the counterparts, the ceramic auctions brought the best ever pieces attracting a vast number of enthusiasts even on the first day of preview.
The incredibly warm atmosphere extended to the auctions which was finally concluded at 2 a.m. on July 27. The impressive achievements attributed to many stella lots have again showed our unique advantage as a Jiangnan-based auctioneer for auctioning ceramics.
A "Longquan" Pale Celadon Vase with Taotie Pattern
Sale Price: RMB 13,052,500
Renewing a record for "Longquan" ceramics in 24 years
Led by the sale "Beyond the Mountains: The Sublimation of Celadon Art", the ceramic auctions boasted of its total amount over RMB 40 million with fifteen best pieces 100 percent sold.
Among those was a "Longquan" pale celadon vase with Taotie pattern which was its debut in the auction and fetched at over RMB 13 million after twenty-minute biddings from its estimate of RMB 6.5 million, breaking a record for "Longquan" ceramics in the past 24 years.
Another star piece was a purple-glazed lobed pot from the "Jun" kiln collected by Xu Zhantang. It was sold for RMB 10.35 million compared to its start price of RMB 6.5 million.
The precious ceramics with convincing provenance demonstrated the brilliant tastes of Jiangnan Scholars for the elegant and subtle aesthetic style of the treasures.
A "Jun" Purple-Glazed Lobed Pot with "San" Mark from the Xu Zhantang Collection
With RMB 52 million turnover concluded, "A Scholarly Journey in Jiangnan: Monochrome-Glazed Ceramics" became a solid proof for Xiling Yinshe Auction's spectacular insight in ceramic appreciation and authentication.
Among fifty-eight lots with clear provenance, a "Ge" lobed brush washer from the M. Sackler collection, the cover lot, was sold for RMB 10.58 million and a rare "Ding" white-glazed "lion" pillow was sold for RMB 4.485 million. These masterpieces which are not only of tremendous artistic value but also abundant in the culture of Jiangnan area, have inevitably set a benchmark for the ceramic collection.
A "Ge" Lobed Brush Washer from the M. Sackler Collection
Sale Price: RMB 10.58 million
The sale "Chinese Ceramics" reached RMB 42 million in total, with many masterpieces bid fervently by the collectors.
Amid them is a hexagonal blue-and-white vase with flower and fruit patterns and "Qianlong" mark which started bidding from RMB 1.8 million and ended up with an astounding RMB 3.565 million, and a blue-and-white dish with deer and ganoderma patterns from Yuan dynasty was sold for RMB 2.76 million. These sensations showed the great appetite of the market for the blue-and-white ceramics.
All those lots have reliable provenance, including those both used to be applied as court objects and favored by scholars, forming a rich spectrum of Chinese porcelain art.
Qianlong Period, Qing Dynasty A Hexagonal Blue-and-White Vase with Flower and Fruit Patterns and "Qianlong" Mark
Sale Price: RMB 3.565 million
Xiling Yinshe 2025 Spring Auction has set very strict inspection criteria for the lots, not just presenting the elegance and artistic value of monochrome-glazed vessels but also highlighting the implicit and restrained aesthetic characteristics of Jiangnan culture.
From the record-breaking "Longquan" treasures to the scholarly "Ge" ceramics, we have successfully created a ceramic feast that integrates both artistic value and culture to inject more vitality and confidence into the collection market.
The refined articles in the study section presented four major sales with their own special themes, resulting in a marvelous success of over RMB 74 million in total.
"Everlasting Glory·Refined Articles in the Study" succeeded with an eye-catching turnover of RMB 46 million and 90% sell-through rate. In this part, thirteen gold hair ornaments with figure and flower patterns started the bidding at RMB 3.8 million. After many round of biddings, it shocked everyone on site by the incredible high sale price of RMB 5.29 million.
The bronze wares and jade wares in this section also attracted many eye balls, such as a white jade censer with beast pattern from Qing dynasty, fetched for about RMB 1.32 million compared to its estimate of RMB 68,000, and a bronze vessel, dou, from late Spring and Autumn period, collected by C. T. Loo and M. Sackler, finally found its new master by RMB 1.38 million.
Qing Dynasty A White Jade Censer with Beast Pattern
Sale Price: RMB 1,322,500
The Xiling Yinshe 2025 Spring Autumn presented the sale "Once in the Zhangyuan Garden · Refined Articles from Zhang Zongxian's Collection" which is a combination of the objects used and collected by Mr. Zhang Zongxian, the "Father of Chinese Auction". The sale was concluded within the amazing warmth of the buyers, resulting in the total turnover reaching about RMB 6.65 million and nearly 85% sale rate.
Many conspicuous lots were kept in the Zhangyuan Garden, former residence of Zhang Zongyuan in Suzhou. A pair of gilt-bronze figures of officials which were set in the "Zhongyingfang" of the garden, was eventually sold for RMB 862,500.
Ming Dynasty A Pair of Gilt-Bronze Figures of Officials
Sale Price: RMB 862,500
As the leading lot used to be kept in the study of the Zhangyuan Garden, a blue-and-white and famille verte flower holder with figure pattern made between late Ming dynasty and early Qing dynasty was hammered at RMB 782,000, two times higher than its estimate. These achievements are not only the recognition of Zhang Zongxian's special aesthetic taste, but also a heartfelt salute to this grandmaster of Chinese auction from the world.
Early Ming Dynasty-Early Qing Dynasty A Blue-and-White and Famille Verte Flower Holder with Figure Pattern
Start Price: RMB 180,000
Sale Price: RMB 782,000
"Chinese Zisha Wares, Tea Sets and Fine Tea" started its journey on the afternoon of the first auction day. Being one of the most popular sales in Xiling Yinshe Auction, the sale was fetched for RMB 34.82 million and 88% sell-through rate, continuing its leading position across the fields of scholar's zisha wares, court zisha wares and red clay wares. All the key lots were fervently sought after, reflecting the market's high recognition of our zisha sale as the benchmark of this section.
Early Qing Dynasty A Teapot with Fruit Pattern and "Ruomu" Mark
Sale Price: RMB 2,932,500
A record achievement for the similar zisha ware
The most prominent piece is a teapot with fruit pattern from early Qing dynasty. As the paradigm at that period, it excels at its elegant inscription and delicate design. It is also the best of its kind in the market and finally was sold for around RMB 2.93 million, a record-breaking success.
Modern Times A Purple Clay Teapot with "Ruyi" Pattern Made by Gu Jingzhou
Sale Price: RMB 2.76 million
Yuan Dynasty A Zisha Flowerpot with Flower and Bird Patterns
Sale Price: RMB 3,047,500
The work, made by the grand master of the zisha industry Gu Jingzhou, has been widely favored by the collectors. The purple clay teapot with "Ruyi" pattern is just one of such technique heritance from the former generation like Shi Dabin and Shao Daheng. The court wares also glowed greatly, especially a zisha flowerpot with flower and bird patterns made in Yongzheng period of Qing dynasty was sold for surprisingly RMB 3 million, another success of court zisha wares auctioned by Xiling Yinshe Auction.
"Comics, Illustrations & Cartoons by Chinese Masters" was arranged as the final highlight. Guided by a large-scale painting for fresco called Immortals’ Gathering painted by Dai Dunbang for Shanghai City God Temple. It was widely recognized by the collectors as the salute to the ethnic minorities and artistic charm. The lot was sold for RMB 7.935 million at last.
Liu Jiyou Original Work for the Comic Strip Spearing Little Prince Liang
Start Price: RMB 50,000
Sale Price: RMB 667,000
In this sale, the lot "Original Work for the Comic Strip Spearing Little Prince Liang" painted by Liu Jiyou in 1958, which was applied as the cover of the second volume of the comic strip of The Legend of Yue Fei, and then as the back cover of the Comic Strip Pictorial in the next year, showcased the artist's exquisite painting skill. The lot depicts one of the scene in the story of Yue Fei that Yue knock the little prince Liang off his horse with a spear in the martial art competition at a drill ground.
Since we start auctioning jewelry in the jade section, the section has emerged as one of the most diverse auctions, covering the jade works of various dynasties, contemporary jade works, and rough jade stones and jewelry, featuring both the cultural inheritance throughout the thousand-year history and the aesthetic fashion in the nowadays. Starting on July 26, the sale finally was ended up with an exciting turnover close to RMB 46.8 million.
Jewels and Jadeites & Jades Across the Dynasties
Total Sale Price: RMB 46,797,000
"Jewels and Jadeites & Jades across the Dynasties" also attracted enormous attentions. A white jade plaque with Avalokitesvara pattern made by the great jade-carving master Huang Yanghong, a Shanghai-school artist, topped the whole sale by RMB 977,500. A rough Hetian seed jade stone from Jinshan was closed a deal at RMB 460,000.
In the part of jades across dynasties, a white jade "Ruyi" scepter with auspicious pattern from Qing dynasty was sold for RMB 747,500, which is the most exquisite and worthwhile for collection.
The part of jewels and jadeites continued its miracle with a Sri Lanka and Burma Kashmir sapphire and diamond necklace total weighing 89.04 carats was sold for RMB 3.68 million, becoming a blockbuster.
Elegant and Magnificent Chinese and Asian Buddhist Art reached an impressive conclusion of RMB 19,261,350 in turnover.
Having persisted in academic research, the sale consisted of three parts which were Buddha statue, bronze ware and sculpture. Over two hundred pieces of treasure of diversified themes and meticulous craftsmanship have been accumulated, exhibiting the beauty of the Buddhist art aross the times. After the enthusiast biddings, a gilt-bronze figure of Mahasthamaprapta and a bronze figure of Avalokitesvara, both from Ming dynasty, were all sold with a stunning premium.
Qing Dynasty A Square Bronze Censer and Stand with Dragon Handles and "Xuande" Mark
Sale Price: RMB 920,000
12th Century A Lacquered Wood Figure of Avalokitesvara
Sale Price: RMB 920,000
Under the great pressure of the whole market depression, "Chinese Coins and Paper Money" nevertheless remains steady, resulting in a commendable turnover of RMB 31.2 million. On top of the general welcoming lots like gold and silver ingots, Chinese charms and ancient coins, a 25-tael gold ingot from Ming dynasty captured the laurel by RMB 3.22 million.
Ming Dynasty A 25-tael Gold Ingot
Sale Price: RMB 3,220,000
The most notable thing is that the machine-made coins caused a sensation. For instance, a commemorative silver coin for Xu Shichang from the Republic of China period (Sale Price: RMB 1.357 million), a silver coin with the portrait of Yuan Shih-kai (Sale Price: RMB 747,500) and a silver coin with the portrait of Sun Yat-sen made in 1932 (Sale Price: RMB 161,000), all showing the collectors’ enduring confidence in the precious machine-made coins.
"Famous Chinese Wine and Tonics" provided various vintage spirits and traditional Chinese medicines. The most recommendation should be the whisky liquors of the rare years from the famous brands like Karuizawa and so on.
Famous Chinese Wine and Tonics
Total Sale Price: RMB 9,965,900
The sale of traditional Chinese tonics was also sensational. A piece of "Li Shi Chen" branded Niuhuang Qingxin Pills made by Tongrentang for export in 1989 stood out by RMB 759,000 for its extraordinary value of medicine, which once more showcased the profound heritage of traditional Chinese health-preserving culture.
